PKI Storage Space in Use

This bar displays the percentage of the Zyxel Device’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.

Add

Click this to go to the screen where you can have the Zyxel Device generate a certificate or a certification request.

Edit

Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.

Remove

The Zyxel Device keeps all of your certificates unless you specifically delete them. Uploading a new firmware or default configuration file does not delete your certificates. To remove an entry, select it and click Remove. The Zyxel Device confirms you want to remove it before doing so. Subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.

Object Reference

You cannot delete certificates that any of the Zyxel Device’s features are configured to use. Select an entry and click Object Reference to open a screen that shows which settings use the entry.

#

This field displays the certificate index number. The certificates are listed in alphabetical order.

Name

This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. It is recommended that you give each certificate a unique name.

Type

This field displays what kind of certificate this is.

REQ represents a certification request and is not yet a valid certificate. Send a certification request to a certification authority, which then issues a certificate. Use the My Certificate Import screen to import the certificate and replace the request.

SELF represents a self-signed certificate.

CERT represents a certificate issued by a certification authority.

Subject

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.

Issuer

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.

Valid From

This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable.

Valid To

This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired.

Import

Click Import to open a screen where you can save a certificate to the Zyxel Device.

Refresh

Click Refresh to display the current validity status of the certificates.

Name

Type a name to identify this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.

Subject Information

Use these fields to record information that identifies the owner of the certificate. You do not have to fill in every field, although you must specify a Host IP Address, Host Domain Name, or E-Mail. The certification authority may add fields (such as a serial number) to the subject information when it issues a certificate. It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.

Select a radio button to identify the certificate’s owner by IP address, domain name or e-mail address. Type the IP address (in dotted decimal notation), domain name or e-mail address in the field provided. The domain name or e-mail address is for identification purposes only and can be any string.

A domain name can be up to 255 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and periods.

An e-mail address can be up to 63 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen, the @ symbol, periods and the underscore.

Organizational Unit

Identify the organizational unit or department to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.

Organization

Identify the company or group to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.

Town (City)

Identify the town or city where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.

State (Province)

Identify the state or province where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.

Country

Identify the nation where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.

Key Type

The Zyxel Device uses the RSA (Rivest, Shamir and Adleman) public-key encryption algorithm. SHA1 (Secure Hash Algorithm) and SHA2 are hash algorithms used to authenticate packet data. SHA2-256 or SHA2-512 are part of the SHA2 set of cryptographic functions and they are considered even more secure than SHA1.

Select a key type from RSA-SHA256 and RSA-SHA512.

Key Length

Select a number from the drop-down list box to determine how many bits the key should use (1024 to 2048). The longer the key, the more secure it is. A longer key also uses more PKI storage space.

Extended Key Usage

Select Server Authentication to allow a web server to send clients the certificate to authenticate itself.

Select Client Authentication to use the certificate’s key to authenticate clients to the secure gateway.

 

These radio buttons deal with how and when the certificate is to be generated.

Create a self-signed certificate

Select this to have the Zyxel Device generate the certificate and act as the Certification Authority (CA) itself. This way you do not need to apply to a certification authority for certificates.

Create a certification request and save it locally for later manual enrollment

Select this to have the Zyxel Device generate and store a request for a certificate. Use the My Certificate Edit screen to view the certification request and copy it to send to the certification authority.

Copy the certification request from the My Certificate Edit screen and then send it to the certification authority.

Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online

Select this to have the Zyxel Device generate a request for a certificate and apply to a certification authority for a certificate.

You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted Certificates screen.

When you select this option, you must select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol and the certification authority’s certificate from the drop-down list boxes and enter the certification authority’s server address. You also need to fill in the Reference Number and Key if the certification authority requires them.

Enrollment Protocol

This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol from the drop-down list box.

Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by VeriSign and Cisco.

Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by the Public Key Infrastructure X.509 working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and is specified in RFC 2510.

CA Server Address

This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Enter the IP address (or URL) of the certification authority server.

For a URL, you can use up to 511 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9'()+,/:.=?;!*#@$_%-

CA Certificate

This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s certificate from the CA Certificate drop-down list box.

You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted Certificates screen. Click Trusted CAs to go to the Trusted Certificates screen where you can view (and manage) the Zyxel Device's list of certificates of trusted certification authorities.

Request Authentication

When you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online, the certification authority may want you to include a reference number and key to identify you when you send a certification request.

Fill in both the Reference Number and the Key fields if your certification authority uses the CMP enrollment protocol. Just the Key field displays if your certification authority uses the SCEP enrollment protocol.

For the reference number, use 0 to 99999999.

For the key, use up to 31 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\{}':,./<>=-

OK

Click OK to begin certificate or certification request generation.

Cancel

Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.

Name

This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.

Certification Path

This field displays for a certificate, not a certification request.

Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate itself).

If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the certificate itself). If the certificate is a self-signed certificate, the certificate itself is the only one in the list. The Zyxel Device does not trust the certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.

Refresh

Click Refresh to display the certification path.

Certificate Information

These read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate.

Type

This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). “X.509” means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.

Version

This field displays the X.509 version number.

Serial Number

This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority or generated by the Zyxel Device.

Subject

This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O), State (ST), and Country (C).

Issuer

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country.

With self-signed certificates, this is the same as the Subject Name field.

“none” displays for a certification request.

Signature Algorithm

This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate.

Valid From

This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. “none” displays for a certification request.

Valid To

This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired. “none” displays for a certification request.

Key Algorithm

This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the Zyxel Device uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).

Subject Alternative Name

This field displays the certificate owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL).

Key Usage

This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.

Extended Key Usage

This field displays for what EKU (Extended Key Usage) functions the certificate’s key can be used.

Basic Constraint

This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path. This field does not display for a certification request.

MD5 Fingerprint

This is the certificate’s message digest that the Zyxel Device calculated using the MD5 algorithm.

SHA1 Fingerprint

This is the certificate’s message digest that the Zyxel Device calculated using the SHA1 algorithm.

Certificate in PEM (Base-64) Encoded Format

This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary certificate into a printable form.

You can copy and paste a certification request into a certification authority’s web page, an e-mail that you send to the certification authority or a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later manual enrollment.

You can copy and paste a certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste a certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).

Export Certificate Only

Use this button to save a copy of the certificate without its private key. Click this button and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.

Password

If you want to export the certificate with its private key, create a password and type it here. Make sure you keep this password in a safe place. You will need to use it if you import the certificate to another device.

Export Certificate with Private Key

Use this button to save a copy of the certificate with its private key. Type the certificate’s password and click this button. Click Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.

OK

Click OK to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. You can only change the name.

Cancel

Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.

File Path

Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.

You cannot import a certificate with the same name as a certificate that is already in the Zyxel Device.

Browse

Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload.

Password

This field only applies when you import a binary PKCS#12 format file. Type the file’s password that was created when the PKCS #12 file was exported.

OK

Click OK to save the certificate on the Zyxel Device.

Cancel

Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.

PKI Storage Space in Use

This bar displays the percentage of the Zyxel Device’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.

Edit

Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.

Remove

The Zyxel Device keeps all of your certificates unless you specifically delete them. Uploading a new firmware or default configuration file does not delete your certificates. To remove an entry, select it and click Remove. The Zyxel Device confirms you want to remove it before doing so. Subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.

Object Reference

You cannot delete certificates that any of the Zyxel Device’s features are configured to use. Select an entry and click Object Reference to open a screen that shows which settings use the entry.

#

This field displays the certificate index number. The certificates are listed in alphabetical order.

Name

This field displays the name used to identify this certificate.

Subject

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.

Issuer

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.

Valid From

This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable.

Valid To

This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired.

Import

Click Import to open a screen where you can save the certificate of a certification authority that you trust, from your computer to the Zyxel Device.

Refresh

Click this button to display the current validity status of the certificates.

Name

This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can change the name. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.

Certification Path

Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the end entity’s certificate and a list of certification authority certificates that shows the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the end entity’s certificate. If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certificate, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the end entity’s own certificate). The Zyxel Device does not trust the end entity’s certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.

Refresh

Click Refresh to display the certification path.

Enable X.509v3 CRL Distribution Points and OCSP checking

Select this check box to have the Zyxel Device check incoming certificates that are signed by this certificate against a Certificate Revocation List (CRL) or an OCSP server. You also need to configure the OSCP or LDAP server details.

OCSP Server

Select this check box if the directory server uses OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol).

Type the protocol, IP address and pathname of the OCSP server.

The Zyxel Device may need to authenticate itself in order to assess the OCSP server. Type the login name (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the server (usually a certification authority).

Type the password (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the OCSP server (usually a certification authority).

LDAP Server

Select this check box if the directory server uses LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol). LDAP is a protocol over TCP that specifies how clients access directories of certificates and lists of revoked certificates.

Type the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) of the directory server.

Use this field to specify the LDAP server port number. You must use the same server port number that the directory server uses. 389 is the default server port number for LDAP.

The Zyxel Device may need to authenticate itself in order to assess the CRL directory server. Type the login name (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the server (usually a certification authority).

Type the password (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the CRL directory server (usually a certification authority).

Certificate Information

These read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate.

Type

This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). X.509 means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.

Version

This field displays the X.509 version number.

Serial Number

This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority.

Subject

This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O) and Country (C).

Issuer

This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country.

With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject Name field.

Signature Algorithm

This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate. Some certification authorities use rsa-pkcs1-sha1 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the SHA1 hash algorithm). Other certification authorities may use rsa-pkcs1-md5 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the MD5 hash algorithm).

Valid From

This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. The text displays in red and includes a Not Yet Valid! message if the certificate has not yet become applicable.

Valid To

This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expiring! or Expired! message if the certificate is about to expire or has already expired.

Key Algorithm

This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the Zyxel Device uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).

Subject Alternative Name

This field displays the certificate’s owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL).

Key Usage

This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.

Basic Constraint

This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path.

MD5 Fingerprint

This is the certificate’s message digest that the Zyxel Device calculated using the MD5 algorithm. You can use this value to verify with the certification authority (over the phone for example) that this is actually their certificate.

SHA1 Fingerprint

This is the certificate’s message digest that the Zyxel Device calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. You can use this value to verify with the certification authority (over the phone for example) that this is actually their certificate.

Certificate

This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary certificate into a printable form.

You can copy and paste the certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste the certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).

Export Certificate

Click this button and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.

OK

Click OK to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. You can only change the name.

Cancel

Click Cancel to quit and return to the Trusted Certificates screen.

File Path

Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.

You cannot import a certificate with the same name as a certificate that is already in the Zyxel Device.

Browse

Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload.

OK

Click OK to save the certificate on the Zyxel Device.

Cancel

Click Cancel to quit and return to the previous screen.